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The Resilience and Dynamism of China-Russia Relations

In an era marked by rising global uncertainties, the relationship between China and Russia remains notably resilient and dynamic. As exemplified by the record bilateral trade of $244.8 billion in 2024, reflecting a 1.9% year-on-year increase, the strategic partnership between these two nations continues to thrive despite external challenges such as rising trade protectionism and unilateralism.

Andrei Denisov, Vice Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Federation Council of Russia and former Russian ambassador to China, emphasizes the crucial role of strong leadership in maintaining steady growth in these bilateral relations. He notes that ongoing diplomatic engagements, particularly between the heads of state, have been pivotal for their partnership.

Diplomatic Visits: A Foundation for Cooperation

Recently, China’s President Xi Jinping announced his upcoming visit to Russia from May 7-10, 2025, at the invitation of Russian President Vladimir Putin. This visit coincides with the celebrations of the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II in Moscow. Observers anticipate that this event will further highlight the vital role of state diplomacy in enhancing the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia.

Over the past decade, Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin have met over 40 times in various bilateral and multilateral contexts. These consistent, candid, and strategic discussions have laid the groundwork for the strong and evolving relationship that exists today. For instance, Xi's first state visit in 2013 was to Russia, setting a new phase for their bilateral ties, anchored in equality, mutual trust, support, and enduring friendship.

In June 2019, during another visit to Moscow, the two leaders agreed to elevate their bilateral relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership for a new era, marking a significant milestone in their cooperation.

Most recently, Xi Jinping's first state visit after being re-elected as China’s president in March 2023 was again to Russia. Following Putin's reelection in May 2024, both leaders took immediate steps to further entrench their personal rapport and strategic trust.

A Call for Stability in Uncertain Times

At the beginning of 2025, Xi and Putin convened virtually to set the tone for the year ahead. They expressed commitment to deepening strategic collaboration, supporting national development, and jointly safeguarding international integrity and justice. Xi underscored the need to work collaboratively to navigate uncertainties in the international landscape, leveraging the strength and resilience of their relationship.

Jou Junqian, an expert from the Heilongjiang Academy of Social Sciences, remarked that the diplomacy of both heads of state has contributed to the maturity, dynamism, and resilience of China-Russia relations, bringing not only renewed vigor to their partnership but also stability to a broader international context.

This sentiment aligns with statements from China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which asserted that Xi's forthcoming visit would foster increased political trust, strengthen strategic coordination, and broaden practical cooperation between the two nations.

In essence, the essential understanding between these leaders promises tangible benefits for both their nations, contributing to enhanced stability and creating positive momentum within the international community. The growing partnership between China and Russia showcases how state-level diplomacy can effectively respond to global challenges and build a stronger alliance for the future.