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Deqing's Aquaculture Heritage Recognized Internationally

On May 19, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) announced that Zhejiang Deqing's integrated fishery system for freshwater pearl mussels was included in the list of globally important agricultural heritage systems (GIAHS) for 2025. This marks a significant milestone as it is China's first project in the aquaculture sector to receive such global recognition.

Historical Background

Deqing's heritage in aquaculture dates back to the Southern Song Dynasty, where artificial freshwater pearl cultivation was first documented. The area, which falls under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, is known for its clear waters where fish and mussels thrive together. The ecological cycle is supported by leftover fish feed and waste that cultivate algal plankton, providing nourishment for pearl-bearing mussels while cleansing the water.

FAO expert Aicha Bammoun praised the system as an exemplary model connecting agricultural wisdom with modern conservation techniques, reflecting the vibrant agricultural civilization of China.

Economic Impact

In recent years, Deqing has promoted the integration of its entire industrial chain under the name "Pearl+." The pearl processing industry currently boasts an annual production value exceeding 7 billion Yuan, which constitutes about 10% of the national total and provides jobs for almost 20,000 people.

Systematic research on freshwater pearl cultivation began in Deqing in the late 1970s and led to over 30 years of literature reviews and field studies. Noteworthy achievements include the evidence of the origins of large-scale cultivated artificial pearls in ancient China. In June 2017, the system received official recognition from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as a significant agricultural heritage of China.

Following this, Deqing applied for GIAHS status in September of the same year and was included in the preparatory list in 2019. In April 2025, after an on-site assessment by FAO experts, the system was finally approved for inclusion.

Significance of GIAHS Status

Min Qingwen, head of the expert committee for GIAHS within the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, emphasized that Deqing's pearl system holds exemplary significance as China’s first GIAHS project in aquaculture. It serves as a new bridge to showcase traditional Chinese agricultural knowledge on a global platform. He added that the successful heritage application is just the beginning, indicating that the value and potential of the system should be further explored and promoted.

As Deqing continues its journey towards sustainable aquaculture, this recognition not only highlights the region's rich traditions but also sets the stage for future innovations in blending ecological sustainability with agricultural practices. The success underscores the importance of heritage systems in preserving the ecological and cultural fabric of communities, propelling Deqing into a new era of recognition and development in aquaculture.