#China #DeepSeek #Ayutthaya #EAST #Zuchongzhi

Introduction

The ever-evolving landscape of science and technology has seen remarkable developments that not only enhance our daily lives but also equip us to tackle future challenges. The Science and Technology Daily, in partnership with media outlets and expert academicians from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, has identified the top ten science and technology news stories for 2025.

Top 10 Sci-tech Innovations from China

1. Open-source Large Model DeepSeek Released
January marked the unveiling of the DeepSeek-R1 model by the Chinese startup DeepSeek. This monumental achievement proves that sizable models can deliver high performance even with limited computational resources, emphasizing a shift from sheer computational power to efficiency-driven innovation.

2. EAST Reaches New Heights
On January 20th, the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) recorded a significant milestone, maintaining stable plasma at a scorching 100 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds. This achievement is hailed as a major step forward in fusion energy research, drawing the world closer to sustainable clean energy solutions.

3. Zuchongzhi 3.0: A Giant Leap for Quantum Computing
In a groundbreaking feat, Chinese scientists introduced the Zuchongzhi 3.0, a prototype quantum computer designed with 105 readable qubits. This device has demonstrated the ability to solve quantum random circuit sampling problems at unprecedented speeds—10 trillion times faster than current supercomputers, further establishing China's position in quantum processing.

4. Analog Matrix Computing Chip Unveiled
In a significant development, a team from Peking University has created a high-precision, scalable analog matrix chip. This innovation outstrips existing digital processors in energy efficiency and performance, opening new avenues for diverse applications, particularly in large-scale scientific computing.

5. First Invasive Brain-Computer Interface Clinical Trials Initiated
June saw China conduct its inaugural invasive brain-computer interface clinical trial in collaboration with Fudan University's Huashan Hospital. Participants achieved task completion, like typing and gaming, just weeks post-training, marking a significant milestone in brain-machine interface advancements, making China the second nation to proceed into clinical trials in this field.

6. Moon's Far Side Evolutionary History Rediscovered
Analysis of samples from the Chang'e-6 mission has unlocked insights into the moon's far side, enhancing our understanding of ancient lunar volcanic activity and the moon's mantle composition, a historic advancement in space exploration.

7. Century-old Plant Science Puzzle Unraveled
Researchers from Shandong Agricultural University have made headway into understanding how a single plant cell can evolve into a complete plant, thereby offering novel perspectives for genetic crop enhancement and agricultural biotechnology.

8. World's First Large-area Two-dimensional Metal Materials
Achievements from the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, led to the creation of ultra-thin, two-dimensional metal materials, which are receiving worldwide recognition for their potential technological applications.

9. Boosting Sci-tech Innovation with Policy Support
China's sci-tech advances can be credited to governmental policies, such as those outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan aimed at promoting indigenous innovation and the synergy between scientific research and industry.

10. Launch of China's First Electromagnetic Aircraft Carrier
In November, the Fujian aircraft carrier was commissioned as a groundbreaking military vessel, equipped with advanced electromagnetic catapults for aircraft launch, showcasing substantial technological advancement in naval capabilities.

Top 10 International Sci-tech News

The international landscape also highlights significant advancements:
1. DeepSeek's open-source initiatives impacting AI development.
2. Tools enabling translation of thoughts into text through brain decoding.
3. Custom-designed enzymes demonstrating new protein engineering techniques.
4. Superior photonic computing chips outperforming conventional electronic systems.
5. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory capturing images of distant celestial bodies.
6. Autonomous surgical robots showcasing advancements in medical technology.
7. Google's Quantum Echoes algorithm achieving notable quantum advantages.
8. Confirmation of Stephen Hawking's area theorem with gravitational waves.
9. Global climate report revealing critical environmental tipping points.
10. An atlas of mammalian brain development being released, detailing intricate developmental processes.

Conclusion

The achievements in science and technology for 2025 exemplify human ingenuity and resilience in shaping a better future. As we navigate through a landscape filled with innovation, these breakthroughs underscore our capability to confront the challenges that lie ahead and embrace new possibilities for growth.